Plates 3.1-3.3: Three Views of Magdalen Hospital, Winchester (Original Explanatory Account)

Little more than the shell remains of the chapel and master’s house, with part of the almshouse, now a barn. A general north-west view is given at A, plate III.

From what remains the chapel seems to have been both elegant and spacious. It measures from east to west seventy-seven feet, and from north to south thirty-five feet six inches. Two rows of round columns with pointed arches supported the roof, which [was] covered with tiles, and divided the chapel into three ailes. The columns are very short and thick, being only seven feet eight inches high, including base and capital, the shaft five feet high, and one foot nine inches and three quarters diameter. The distance between each column ten feet nine inches. The side ailes are eight feet ten inches wide; the chancel fourteen feet eight inches.

The chancel is divided from the body by two piers that have seven arches springing from them. The mouldings of these arches are quite flat, and have no carved work, but are decorated with a variety of ornaments painted in black and brown, as running sprigs, flowers, stars, birds, quatrefoils, zigzag ornaments, &c.

The ascent to the altar was by two circular steps, at the ends of which are two large niches much mutilated, wherein probably have been figures. Over the east window have been painted five shields, but only on the first are the charges visible (the arms of Winchester); the rest are quite gone. On each side of the window are faint traces of a nich, flowers, &c. On the north side of the altar the paintings are more perfect, but little better than an outline. St. Peter is represented standing under a canopy, the back powdered with stars, holding two keys in his left hand, in his right a church with a lofty spire. He is in pontificals, with a pall, but has a crown on his head instead of a mitre.

In a compartment adjoining is a figure in pontificals, holding a crosier in his left hand. In another compartment below is a figure compleatly armed in mail, a heater

Under these figures is a square stone frame, in which had been fixed a brass plate, with an inscription to the memory of one of the masters. It has been removed since December, 1779, when Mr. Grose saw it.

On the spandrils of the arch over the altar are two angels with censers. On the soffit of the easternmost arch of the north aile are the remains of three historical paintings. The middle one I take to be the murder of Becket; the others are too far gone to be ascertained, except that the uppermost appears to represent an altar or a table spread with plate. See B, Plate III.

Near the middle of the north aile was a gallery of oak, which filled one of the arches, projecting about three feet into the body or middle aisle, and is supposed to have been for the master’s use only, there being no entrance but from an upper room in his house, which joined the chapel on the north side. See I, Plate III.—Blue crosses have been painted in many places, particularly on the south wall, and at the west end. See E, Plate III.

The entrance at the west end consists of a semicircular arch, decorated with four slender columns with neat capitals. See H, Plate III.

The entrance on the south side is a pointed arch, with two columns similar to those at the west end.

Two grave-stones remain on the south side of the chancel, above the altar-steps. The inscription on one is entirely obliterated; the other in Roman capitals runs thus:

HERE LYETH MRS. ELIZ. SYMONDS
WIFE OF THO. SYMONDS LATE
OF WINTON GENT. AND DAUGHT
ER OF JOHN EBDEN, D.D. SOMETIME
MASTER OF THIS HOSPITAL WHO DY
ED THE 12 OF SEP. 1695 AGED
90 YEARS.

feet inches

Length of the master’s house - - - - 56        6

Breadth - - - - - - - 28        6

Girt of the wall (within) that encloses the whole, forming an irregular
        polygon - - - - - - - 1426        0

Distance from the south wall to the road - - - 270      0

The whole being in a very ruinous state, a commission to examine it issued from the bishop of Winchester in June, 1788, when it was judged expedient that the whole should be taken down.

J. SCHNEBBELIE.

It is barely mentioned by Dugdale², from the return of religious houses made to Henry VIII. in his 29th year, and inserted in the books of first fruits and tenths. In the return of the commissioners appointed by the crown 37 Henry VIII. to take an account of this hospital, among others it is affirmed to have been founded by “the byshopp of Winton, as it is supposed, &c.³” The intent of this foundation appears from the will of John Fromond, steward of Winchester college, who built the college library, and was bailiff of bishop Wyckham’s manors of Waltham and Cluer. In this will, dated Nov. 14, 1420, 8 Henry V. is the following bequest:

“Item, lego ad distribuend’ inter leprosos B. M. Magdalene Wynton, vis. viiid.” [Also, I bequeath for distributing among lepers at the Hospital of Mary Magdalene, Winchester, six shillings and eightpence.]

In a patent 5 Edward III. these lepers are called infirmi; and in the royal great rolls the poor of this hospital are styled “The infirm people upon the mount.” The number was nine poor brethren and sisters, and a priest; or, as the certificate before cited expresses it, “to have one pryst and ix poore menne and women there to remayne and contynew for ever, to pray for the soules of the founders, and all Crysten soules, and every of them to have for there stipend as hereafter followeth.”

The priest was the master of the hospital till the times of confusion in the last century. The certificate of Edward VI’s commissioners mentions indeed a chaplain or stipendiary, whose salary being by the statute 1 Edward VI. given to the crown, the salary of this chaplain, being 6l was ordered to be paid to the king. And in William de Orleton’s, William Wykeham’s, and William Wainfleet’s instruments of collation to the mastership, the chapel is called Cantaria. After, however, the crown laid claim to this salary, the master appealed to the court of augmentation; and “when, upon due examination of the matter, and by the foundation of the said hospitall, shewed by the maister of the same, it appeared that there was no such salary, nor other stipende, given for the findinge any stipendiary prest to singe in the said hospitall, but that of the said stipend of 6l. was lymyted upon the said foundation to the maister of the said hospitall and his successors, for exercyseing of the office of admynystration of the sacerments and sacermentalls and other dyvyne service to the pore.” And it further appeared by evidence, that the master himself was the priest who administered. A decree was made in favour of the hospital, and the priest’s stipend of 6l. allowed to make part of its revenue. The mastership has always been in the gift of the bishop of Winchester, and a place for life. Wykeham presented 1393 John Melton, priest, to the “wardenship or government of the almshouse or hospital of St. Mary Magdalen near Winchester, and the chantry, together with four of the larger portions in the hospital aforesaid, deputing⁴ him, so long as he shall be-[have]

¹ Not. Mon. p. 169.
² Mon. Ang. I. 1040.
³ See certificate in the Augmentation office.
⁴ Deputamus. It is very remarkable we do not find this word, or the same form, used in the collation of the mastership of any other hospital. Wykeham, under this constitution of Clement, considered himself as the master, and the person deputed only as the stipendiary.

He had found that the masters of St. Cross’ hospital had embezzled the goods of the hospital, and converted the revenue in great measure to their own use, to the prejudice of the poor. “He took care,” says bishop Lowth³, “ever after to insert in the act of collation of the mastership of that and all other hospitals, the master’s obligation to obey the constitution of Clement.” It is observable, that Wykeham appointed the salary of the master: he was to have four of the large portions, which, if they were the same in his time as in the reign of Henry VIII. would amount to 9l. 12s. i.e. at least 100l. of our present money. This stipend seems to have been free from all deductions. It is impossible that the master, with this allowance only, could have been at the expence of keeping in repair the buildings belonging to the hospital, which some years came to above 80l. of our present money.

Wykeham appointed his two intimate and confidential friends, John Campeden archdeacon of Surrey, and Simon Membury his treasurer of Wolvesey, commissioners to visit this hospital, and enquire into the state and administration of its revenues, with power to summon before them the master and other persons concerned, to inspect all the writings of the hospital, particularly the master’s account, and to do what law and justice required, and give him an account of their proceedings, under their hands and seals⁴. It appears from their report, that great abuses had crept into the hospital, and many crimes and excesses had been committed there. Wykeham therefore commissioned the same friends, together with John Elmer his official, to punish the offenders, and even expel the master, or any other delinquent, if justice required⁵. What was the issue of this enquiry, we are not informed. Near the time of granting this commission, one John Melton was indicted before the Earl and justices at the assizes for stealing at Hursley thirteen pieces of linen cloth, value 7l.; and being convicted of the felony, was delivered to the bishop’s officers, to be put in his prison, and tried in his court; but was afterwards permitted to appear with his compurgators before commissioners appointed by the bishop. He is not indeed styled clericus, but “juxta privilegium clericale, tanquam clericus convictus [near clerical rank, a convicted cleric as it were]⁶.” Though we should admit it not impossible that this felon might be a clergyman⁷, it is less likely that he was the master of Magdalen hospital, who, a few months after the commission for trying the other, was admitted as a witness (inter varios fide dignos) [among various trustworthy persons] in an affair relating to St. Cross. His principles and conduct do not, however, appear to have stood the test of the enquiry before mentioned.

William Wainflete, afterwards bishop of Winchester, was master of this hospital when he held the mastership of Winchester school. There is now extant among the hospital papers, the decision of two arbitrators, dated October 20, 17 H. V. relative to a dispute between him and Alice widow of Peter Clarke alias Caperygh, concerning

¹ Of Pope Clement. Clementin. III. tit. ii*.
² Conferimus, & te custodem perpetuum in hospitali predicto instituimus presentes. [We confer and, by these presents, appoint you permanent warden in the aforesaid hospital] Orleton, Reg. f. 92.
³ P. 90.
⁴ Wykeham, Reg. II. p. 3, f. 181.
⁵ Ib. f. 183.
⁶ Ib. f. 185.
⁷ John Beaufen, minister of Holyrood in Southampton, was impleaded before the mayor and bailiffs thereof for burglary and rape, and when apprehended had on his priest’s habit. The persons who apprehended him were prosecuted in the spiritual court, where proceedings were for a time stopt, and then proceeded again. Ib. II. 4. f. 43.

* Which ordains that “no hospital shall be bestowed as a benefice on the secular clergy, though this practice might have been established by custom; unless it be otherwise appointed by the charter of foundation, or the master be elected into this office.” Perhaps Wykeham appointed a secular, and the other bishops regulars.

Thus we find, Wykeham, 1394, appointing a servant of his, one Roger Mullewarde of Roppele, a poor man of his diocese, on account of his laudable and antient services faithfully and usefully to him performed, to one of the larger portions in the hospital aforesaid; which, William Chalon had, “being now vacant and in our gift,” charging the master, John Melton, to admit him to this portion, with all its appurtenances¹, and that in every thing belonging to the same, he answer him and cause others duly to answer him, so long as he shall behave himself well² in the aforesaid hospital³.

We learn also, from this antient record, that another brother was put into this hospital by Wykeham, by letter directed, 1369, to his treasurer of Wolvesey, to this effect: “Considering the old age, weakness, and poverty of our beloved son Adam Condrich, who has not wherewithal to subsist, and cannot with his own hands get a maintenance; we have thought proper, out of our charity, to bestow on him one of the greater portions in our hospital of the blessed Mary Magdalen near Winchester, which is in our gift and diocese: commanding you to cause the same Adam, a poor man, to be admitted to the said portion in the said hospital, and to be served from this greater portion, according to the custom of the past⁴.”

It is observable that Wykeham speaks of these places as being absolutely at his disposal, and does not merely recommend, but claims a right of putting in the persons he nominates. Whether he filled up all such vacancies as happened in his time does not appear. It seems probable he did not; and that there were only one or two places at his disposal. For in the register of his acts from 1367 to 1409 there occurs no other such instance, nor it is believed in the bishop's registers. From the silence of his letter touching the master, there is reason to conjecture that the hospital at the time had no master. Perhaps he administered the revenues, and took care of it himself, as he did that of St. Cross for several years. The letter is addressed to the treasurer, because he used to nominate the brethren and sisters and the bishop to confirm the nomination, though in these two instances, Wykeham seems to have taken it out of the treasurer’s hands. In bishop Orleton’s registers, are preserved two instances of the bishop’s confirmation of a portion bestowed by the treasurer of Wolvesey in the hospital of St. Mary Magdalen. One of them, 1339, runs thus, “Adam &c. to our beloved daughter Margaret Greneweye, health, grace, and benediction. The gift or collation of the portion which Henry le Bule clerk had and held whilst he continued in the hospital of St. Mary Magdalen near Winchester, of our patronage and diocese, made to you by master John de Nubbeleye our treasurer of Wolvesey, by virtue of his office, we, as far as it is in our power, approve, with all its rights, customs, and pittances whatsoever; and we, from our certain knowledge, confirm to you the collation or gift of this portion in perpetuity⁵.”

At present brothers only succeed brothers; but here we see a woman put in a man’s place⁶.

The poor on this foundation are said by bishop Tanner to have been nine before the time of Edward I. At the date of the certificate below mentioned, 37

¹ He was to have commons as well as a stipend.
² The poor people now are entitled to these places during their natural lives.
³ Reg. Wykeh. I. p. 1. f. 265.
⁴ Ib. f. 37.
⁵ Reg. Orleton, f. 73, among the Commissions. See another, f. 67. among the Institutions.
⁶ Reg. Wykeh. I. p. 1. f. 231.

£. s. d.

For rents resolute . . . . . 0  6  5

For tenths . . . . . 1 13  6

For the preste stipend . . . . 6  0  0

For the wages and comens for nine poor men and women 19 17  4

And so remayneth, which the master receavyth for his paynes and
      repairing of the tenement, . . . . 13  9  4

Another account, nearly of the same date, will inform us more particularly in what manner the money here allotted to the poor was divided among them.

£. s. d.

To nine poor men and women for their wages, yerley, at 13s. 4d.
      apiece 6  0  0

To eighte of them for borde wages, at 8 pence a weyk apiece. 13 17 4

19 17 4

But in the certificate of Henry’s commissioners the following sum, which we find in the account last mentioned, is omitted:

£. s. d.

To the poor men and women of Maudlyn’s, yearly, out of two
      tenements in the soke . . . . 0  6  0

Add this to the former; and the sum total paid annually to the
      poor people amounts to . . . . 20  3  4

Such was the revenue and division of it in the time of Henry VIII. 15 Henry VII. the whole income of the hospital was £42. 7s. 8d.¹ If we multiply the lowest account, which is that of 37 Henry VIII. (£41. 6s. 8d.) by eight, in order to reduce it to the present value of money, the product is £330. 13s. 4d.

If the highest account, that of 15 Henry VI. (£42. 7s. 8d.) be multiplied by ten, the product is £423. 16s. 8d.

Not to be very exact, the medium between the highest and lowest of these calculations is about £376.

And a ninth poor person (according to the same calculation) who had a stipend without commons, had annually about £6. of our present money: probably this was an out-pensioner, and had no lodgings provided for him. The annual allowance of the nine poor men and women amounted therefore, on an average, in the reigns of Henry VII. and VIII. to about £174. of our present money. The remainder (£202. of our present money) was the master’s, out of which a considerable part was

¹ And according to bishop Tanner, and in the Monasticon, it was valued 26 Henry VIII, at £42. 16s. in the whole, and £16. 16s. 2d. clear. If this means clear to the master, he might perhaps, after all expences on account [of] repairs, &c. were deducted, receive that sum annually, or perhaps not so much.

Repairs and subsidy, added together, come at lowest to £11. 10s. or, according to a middling calculation, about £100. of our present money; the remainder would not be thought an unreasonable recompense for his trouble, or more than the founder intended for him, to judge by the house provided for him. To the stated revenue of the hospital additions were frequently made by legacies bequeathed to it. Among others, in the bishops of Winchester’s registers, are the following:

Stephen Welewyke, 1378, to each of the brethren and sisters 6d.

Robert Thurbern, warden of Winchester college, to each brother and sister residing in Magdalen hospital 6d.

John Ayllemer, rector of Bonelond, in Sarum diocese, and prebendary of Exeter, 1392, £1.

Matthew Chandler, in the soke, 3s. 4d. 1412¹.

Besides two other legacies.

We are told also, at the end of the first volume of Wykeham’s registers, that the bishop gave his portions (of what is not said) to the hospital of St. Mary Magdalen².

In the rental taken in the reign of Henry VII. the offerings at the box³ are estimated annually at £2. 13s. 4d.; a sum equal to about £26. sterling.

The present annual income (exclusive of the houses of the brothers and sisters, and 5s. 4d. paid to them by the tenants) is £88. 19s. It is divided in the following manner:

£. s. d.

To the brothers and sisters each £5. 8s. . . 40  5   4

For collecting the rents, keeping the accounts, &c. . 3  0  0

The master has the residue, out of which he keeps in repair the
      poor people’s houses, and the buildings of the hospital
      on Magdalen-hill, and pays land tax . . . 45 13  8

 

The pay of each poor person in the reign of Henry VIII. was yearly     0 13  4

Eight pence weekly . . . yearly     1 14  8

Added since by Dr. Ebden 4d. weekly . yearly     0 17  4

By the same . . . yearly     0  6  8

By Mr. Percivall . . . yearly     1  0  0

4 12  0

 

Deducted from £5. 8s. each poor person’s pay at present, remain 0  8  8

Amounting in that year, for eight people, to . 3  9  4

This sum is supplied from two tenements in the soke, per ann. 0  6  0

Saved from discharge of tenths and subsidy . . 3  3 10

3  9 10

Deducted from the above . . . 3  9  4

Remains a surplus of . . . 0  0  6

It is supposed that the yearly tenths, being no longer paid to the crown, were applied to augment the weekly allowance of the poor. When the hospital no longer paid first-fruits and tenths, it no longer appeared in the kin’s books, consequently could not longer be liable to the payment of a subsidy. This also was applied as the tenths, and thus the pay of each poor person was augmented 5 Eliz. The master reaped the benefit of the discharge from the first-fruits; for as they were paid but once by each master at his admission, they could not afford the poor a settled augmentation of their annual or weekly allowance.

It appears from the hospital accounts, that £4. 8s. were paid annually to each brother and sister, from the year 1659 till they received Mr. Percival’s benefaction, about 1720, and from that time to this they have received £5. 8s. annually. The eight alms-people have had their old allowance, with the addition of all the benefactions left to them by charitable persons within that period. It is true 13s. 4d, the annual pay of a ninth poor person, is sunk, perhaps on the hospital losing a small part of its possessions. By far the greater part of its revenue arose from certain pensions in money; and, as the value of money decreased, so did the revenue of the hospital. Its yearly value in the reign of Henry VIII. was £41. 6s. 8d. of which £36. 4s. 4d. were settled pensions, which are paid at this day; so that of the above £41. 6s. 8d. only £5. 2s. 4d. have been taken away since Henry’s time, though the value of its present revenue be not more than one-fourth of what it was formerly, and instead of between 3 and £400. does not at this time amount to £90. To account for this deficiency, to the pensions at present received must be added 9s. the value in Henry’s time of the quit rents now paid, which amount to £3. 14s. 8d. Then there is a farm belonging to the hospital, which was formerly let at a rack-rent, but now is leased out on three lives, the old rent of which could hardly be less than £2. 10s. Let us add these sums to the former, and the account will stand thus:

£. s. d.

Pensions, the same now as in Henry VIIIth’s time, 36  4  4

Antient value of the present quit rents . . . 0  9  0

Antient rent of the farm . . . . . 2 10  0

Rent of another tenement¹ . . . . . . 0  3  0

39  6  4

This part of the antient revenue of the hospital still remains: so that there is only a deficiency of £2. 4d. to be accounted for since the commissioners delivered in their valuation of it. The hospital had tenements and annual payments, principally issuing out of twenty-five tenements in Winchester, to the amount of £4. 13s. 4d. Out of these issued the £2. 4d. which, in the space of two hundred years, it is no wonder should be lost. It might have been forfeited for being appropriated to superstitious purposes; certain of its tenements, given to pray for souls, &c. being lost, while those intended for the maintenance of the poor are still in possession of the chapel.

The same cause to which it was in great measure owing that the real value of the hospital is lessened, though its nominal income be increased, will enable us to account

The master and brethren had not only a handsome subsistence, but very good lodgings, only part of which, with the master’s house, remained. The almshouse, inhabited by the sisters, joined to the master’s lodgings northward, and extended east ninety, and west seventy-eight feet, which, together with the depth of the master’s house, made its whole length one hundred and ninety-six feet, and the depth was twenty-six feet; so that every one of the poor persons had lodgings twenty-four feet in front, and twenty-six in depth. The barn which now stands on the north-east corner of the ground within the walls, was part of the almshouse, which was continued on from thence westward, so as to make the whole length above mentioned. On the east side of the hospital were the pear-tree garden and the mount garden. Within the walls, to the west, were at least two acres of land, on part of which probably stood their barn, stables, &c. South of the chapel was the burying ground. Without the walls of the hospital were sixteen acres of land, which might in some degree supply them with corn; and they had pasture for 120 ewes and 9 rams, from which their table was furnished. They kept the whole in their own hands, and the master and the poor lived together.

In the late civil war the hospital suffered considerably from the king’s troops. Thirty-six sheep were killed by the soldiers, and the rest removed sixteen miles by the master for safety; a large quantity of corn was stolen; and all the timber-work on the premises, as well as in the chapel, burned, and the latter building converted into a stable. To a petition from the master, &c. to Lord Hopton, field marshal general of his Majesty’s Western forces, his Lordship returned this answer:

“I desire Henry Foyle, esq. and commissary Fry, to take consideration of this petition, and to take such order for the poore people’s reliefe therein, as to them shall seeme expedient.
“Winchester, 19 Martii, 1643.      RALPH HOPTON.”

We may presume the master, &c. obtained some redress, and had their buildings repaired, for we find them there in the reign of Charles II. when an order, signed by the King and Lord Arlington, 1665, was sent to command them to remove, that the Dutch prisoners might be admitted into it, and to provide lodgings for the poor people in Winchester, at the King’s expence. In the following winter the prisoners burned all the timber they could find, damaged the master’s house, and demolished the almshouse; destroyed the pulpit and pews, carried away the bell, and all the iron bars and lead about the chimnies of the brethren and sister’s rooms. The hospital was irrecoverably ruined, and the master and society never returned to it more. The estimate of re-building the almshouse was £650, to which, on petition, government would allow but £100. Dr. Gulston was at the time master. His immediate successor, Dr. Darel, archdeacon of Winchester, endeavoured in some degree to repair the loss. When the poor people had for some time been destitute of any fixed and permanent habitation, he in 1671 purchased some tenements in Colebrook-street, into which they were admitted in his life-time, and he left them after his death to the master of the hospital. Some of these tenements are inhabited by such of the brethren and sisters as choose to live in them: the rest are let, and the rent is divided among those who live elsewhere.

Dr. Ebden, master of the hospital by indenture made Sept. 2, 1611, gave ten pounds annually
      to be divided to each of the brethren and sisters 4d. weekly, amounting to . . . . 6 18  8
To each of the poor people, at Christmas, so much frieze as will
      make each of them a gown, or in lieu of it 6s. 8d. per ann. 2 13  4
The residue to the master, for his pains and charges . 0 8  0
10 0  0

Dr. Ebden is buried in the chapel, and has the following inscription on a small brass plate fixed against the wall on the south side of the chancel:

Corpus Johannis Ebden, sacrae theolo-
giae professoris pii, ecclesiae cathedralis
Winton. prebendarii pii, hujus hospitii
magistri reverendi; qui inter alia dona
in alios charitatis usus collata £.200 in
augmentationem stipendiorum ibidem
liberè dedit, hoc tegitur tumulo. Obiit 16
Novembris 1614, aetatis suae 98.
[see end of document for translation]

 

He y^t both God and good men feard and lovd,
Which by example cherisht or reproved,
Heer lyes enter’d. He living was, dead is,
A preacher whom the church lovd, the people mys[.]
His life for length, learning for truth was greate,
His doctrine pure, his deeds without deceite,
And in his life time was, and att his ende,
To rich and poore a father and a friende.

The last benefactor of this hospital was Mr. Percivall of Winchester, from whose bounty it receives annually eight pounds.

The above particulars are extracted from the account of this hospital in p. 155—211 of the second volume of the History and Antiquities of Winchester, printed at Winchester 1773, in two vols. 12mo. in which “particular regard was had to render an amusing and comprehensive detail of that antient and remarkable charity; the particulars of which were collected from original MSS. antient records, and other papers, in the possession of the master of the hospital.” This was drawn up by the late rev. Mr. Wavell, minister of St. Laurence, Winchester, then master of the hospital, since dead.

Its dilapidated state precluding all prospect of repair, a commission issued in June, 1788, to inspect the building; when it was ordered to be taken down. This was accordingly carried into execution, and nothing remained in the course of the last summer but the pillars and arches of the chapel.

¹ The same king appropriated the church of Mapledurham, with the chapel of Petersfield, to the prior and convent of St. Swithin at Winchester, to pay £25. 19s. 4d. for the support of the infirm in this hospital. Pat. 5 Edw. III. p. 2, m. Anno regni 35, he gave them tenements in Winchester. Pat. 35 Edw. III. p. 3. m. 22.
² Appendix to Lowth’s Life of him, N^o XVII. p. 42.

Et. sic est sm^a cujuslibet termin’ xxxij^s. iiij^d. Item dicta Dom’ p’cipit annuatim de Abbate de Hyda xxij^s. ad festum Sancti Michaelis. Item dicta Dom’ p’cipit annuatim de Domino Rege, per manum Ballivorum Winton’ de drapp’ria ibidem, ad festum Sancti Michaelis, lx^s. Item dicta Dom’ p’cipit de redditu super montem S’ci Egidii vj^s.Item dicta Dom’ p’cipit una crofta super dictam montem iijd. Item de redditu x^s.

Et sciend’ quod dictus redditus D’ni Espicopi assignat. p’ xviij p’son’ quorum quilibet capit per septimanam v^d. quadr’ pro victual’ et vj^s. j^d. p’ vestur. Et sic sum’ cujuslibet portionis per annum tam pro vest’ quam pro victual’ xxviij^s. x^d. Sum’ portion’ omn’ istorum xviij tam pro victual’ quam pro vest’ per annum xxv^li. xix^s. iiij^d. ultra in toto. Et sciend’ quod predictus redd’ vj^li. ix^s. iiij^d. proveniens de Priore Sancti Swithini assignat. p’ x p’son’, quorum quilibet capit per septimanam iij^d. videlicet p’ tres dies ob’ q^u et p’ diem Dominicam ob’ q^u et p’ vestur’ eorum nichil nisi de gratia Domini Prioris et Conventus, ut in pannis perusitatis, et aliis necessariis, pro Dei amore eis largitis. Et in viglia Nativitatis Domini Carniprenii Pasche et Pentec. iiij bacon. videlicet in quolibet festo 1 bacon. Et summum est cujuslibet portionis per annum xiij^s. summa portionum omnium istorum p’vict’ vj^li. ix^s. iv^d. , viij^d. minus in toto. Et sciendum quod predictus redditus lx^s. proveniens de Domino Rege, et xxij^s. de Abbate de Hyda, assignat’ ad sustentandum omnes fratres et sorores in domo existentes in perpetuum. Et sciendum quod habent ad dictum domum sustentandum xiiij acras terre arabilis et pasture, ad sustentandum cj bidentes euntes in pastura Domini Prioris Sancti Swithini, per limitem eis assignat. unde proficuum debet equalit’ dividi inter eos. Et sciendum quod oblation’ provenientes die Marie Magdalene assignant, pro coopertura domorum et reparationem murorum except’ xiij^s. iiij^d. qui assignant. pro blad’ suis intend’ colligendis et cariandis in autumpno. Et oblation’ provenientes in alio tempore anni debent dividi inter eos equaliter. Et sciendum quod custos domûs predicte p’cipiet annuatim, pro portione sua, tantum quantum iiij^or de majore portione p’cipient in omnibus que continent cxv^s iiij^d exeept’ proficuis que sunt seperaliter inter partes.

Ornamenta Capellae Sanctae Marie Magdalene juxta Winton.

In primis, ij calic. et i pixid. argent. p’ corpore X’pi imponendo. Item, vj paria vestimentorum integr. et iij corporalia. Item, xij tualia, unde viij benedicta et iv manutergia. Item, iij auricularia sindon. cooperta. Item, ij bur. de serico, et iij rochett. et iiij superpellic. unde ij debil. Item, ij cruces de cop. et i rochett pro Magdalen. Item, i missal. vet. et i nov ad valorem c^s. de dono Willielmi de Basynge¹, custodis ejusdem dom. et i magn. portifor. plenar. notat. ad valorem lx^s. et ij antiphon vet. nωeta. Item, i legend. scõr. et tempãl. Item, iij psalteria, unde i nov. de dono D’ni Johannis de Nubbeley². Item, i collectar. cum impnario, et i manuale. Item, iij gradual. vet. i burs. serica, cum reliquiis. Item, ij parve cruces ad osculandum. Item, i flos Santae Marie oleo Sanc. Katherine et aliis reliquiis circumsignat. Item, iiij candelabra ferri, cum iij tintinabulis. Item, i turribil. Item, i tapit. virid. pouderat. cum volucr. et rosis. Item, i pann. de raynis, pro amictu decorand. Item, de dono Domini Willielmi de Basing, i pann. de spanea. Item, iiij panni virid. pro tabula alti altar. Item, iiij magne ciste ferr. ligat. pro libris, vestimentis, et necessariis imponend. bene cerat. Item, v vexill. tempor. Rogation. portand.

¹ Probably one of the two persons of both these names, who died Prior of Winchester, 1294 and 1295. See Sepulchral Monuments of Great Britain, I. 62.
² Treasurer of Wolvesey to Bp. Orleton. See before.

Si capellanus celebret et dicat horas canonicas ut tenet’. Si vivat caste et sobrie, et visitat infirmos, et castigat delinquentes ad modum delicti. Si vastet, vel aliquam distructionem faciat, in domibus, vel in arboribus, quod absit. Si reprimat rebelles, male viventes et agentes, ut decet. In primis, quod conjugati et conjugate non sint in domo cohabitantes, nec habeant mansionem in domo. Si clericus deserviat ecclesie et capell. et sit obediens, ficut tenetur. Si aliquis vel aliqua expendit, dissipat elimosinam domus, vel porcionem suam malis usibus, quod absit, ut gulose, vel luxuriose, vel aliter inhoneste vivendo, non sint in domo cohabitantes, nec habeat mansionem in domo. Si aliquis sit inobediens, vel litigans, vel vagans contra statutum domus, nec habeat mansionem in domo, ut supra. Si bona defunctorum remaneant opi. ecclesie post debitum eorum solutum. Si aliquis non vult justificari, nec castigari, per magistrum fratrum. Si aliquis vel aliqua sit male cristiana pace ut supra. Si aliquis ingrediat domum ad habitandum nisi per thesaurarium de Wulvesey.

Homines Winton. respondent compu. de lx^s. ut draperiam quae est in monetar. ammoveant. usque magnum vicum ubi esse consuevit sicut cont. in rot’lo tertio, et in rõ xvj. xiij. et in rõ xxxix regis H. et in original. de anno xxvij ejusdem regis H. Et inferius super montem de elemosina constituta lx^s. p’d de anno xlix sicut constat in rõ xviij et xxi^o. et quieti sunt. Cives Winton. debent c marc. de firm. ejusdem civitatis habend. a secondo die Octobris, xvj quando regi placuerit, reddend. ad festum Pasche et S’ti Michaelis, sicut continet’ in rõ xvj. de quibus dicti cives onerantur annuatim.

Et sic p’ predicta liquet quod predicti lx^s. non continent. infra summam de c marc. de firm. civitatis predict. sed est una firm. per se assignat. in firmis sup. montem de antiqua elemosina reg. solv. annuatim p’dictos homines Winton. et de quorum solutiõe. oftendere debent acquietanc. [see end of document for translation]

The seal of this house, here engraved from the original in the hands of the rev. Mr. Baker, present master, represents Mary Magdalen, holding in each hand vessels filled with spices and ointment. On each side of her head the moon and a star. Below a monk kneels to her, between a vessel with a star over it and a sprinkler. The inscription round it, S. HOSPITALIS SCE MARIE MAGDALENE WINTONIE. [The Holy Hospital of Saint Mary Magdalen at Winchester.]

[An image of the seal is reproduced]

Nine of them, however, were opened, in all of which more or less of human bones were found, and from five out of the nine urns were taken. The only two of these ves-[sels]

Urns have been frequently found in the neighbourhood of this city; particularly about ten years ago twelve were discovered together in a row in digging for a cellar in the gardens of the rev. Mr. Richards, and presented to the late Gustavus Brander esq. The situation where they were found was close to the Roman road that led from this city to Silchester, but out of the city itself. We may therefore presume, from the urns here engraved, and from the indisputable Roman fibula, their situation just without the city wall, and in the side of a hill, resembling in some sort the Roman catacombs, that these graves could not be of later date. The urns appear to have been placed under the left arm of each corpse, without any bones or ashes in them, and the sculls and bones lay in their natural situation.

That the Romans were acquainted with the use of spurs, appears from line 881 of the sixth Aeneid, where the poet, speaking of young Marcellus, says,

Seu spumantis equi fodet calcaribus armos [or if he digs the flanks of a frothing horse with his spurs]

And that their spurs were made of iron, further appears from Aen[eid]. xi. 714:

Quadrupedemque citum ferrata calce fatigat. [and he vexes the swift horse with his iron heel]

It is true the only spur which Montfaucon gives a drawing of terminates in a point; whereas the spur engraved here, fig. 5, has a rowel. This, however, affords very slight negative proof of the Romans being unacquainted with that obvious improvement, against the many positive proofs of the high antiquity of the sepulchres in question.

Cum possessio patronatûs ecclesiarum, vicariarum, capellarum, abbatiarum, prioratuum, & hospitalium, & aliorum religiosorum & piorum locorum subscriptorum, (videlicet) ecclesiarum de Bledon, de Sutton, de Pateney, de Dyneton, de Enesford, de Overton cum capellâ de Oulton, de Elyndon, de Hamme, de Buttermere, de Portlaunde, de Wyk cum capella de Westmenes, cum capella de Exton, de Droknesford, de Alwarestok, cum capella de Heneton, de Evynton, de Avynton, de Wordemartyr, de Havonte, de Wonsington, capellarum de Chilbolton, de Muchielmareys, de Holton, de Mulebroc, de Nitchfilling, de Bagehurst, de Crondal, cum capellis de Wotton, de Hanynton, de Eston Sancti Egidii, cum capella de Wylehal, de Morested, de Chilcumb, cum capella Sanctae Katherinae de Compton, Sanctae Mariae de Valle, cum capella Sanctae Anastasiae extra Wynton. Sancti Jacobi, cum capella Sanctae Fidei, de Hurseburn, cum vicaria de Wycchurch, cum vicaria de Kympton, de Envel, de Funtel, de Eblesburn, de Dounton, cum capell’ de Brightwell, Omnium Sanctorum in Lond’, de Brigcheston, de Caunborn, cum capell’ de Bensted, de Mapledurham, cum capell’ de Menestok, cum capell’ de Upham, cum capell’ de Wantham, cum capell’ de Chiriton, cum capell’ de Brondon, de Alresford, , cum capell’ de Waude, quatuor cappellanarum de Merewell, de Falegh , cum capell’ de Beatae Mariae de Southampton, cum capell’ de Overton, de North Wautham, de Bourclere, cum capell’ de Northanger, de Hauteclere, de Wydhhaye, cum capell’ de Stoke Episcopi, de Hurselegh, cum capell’ de Crauley, cum capell’ de Esser, de Farnham, cum capell’ de . . . . . Menes, cum capell’ & vicar’ de Hameledon, cum capell’ de Twyford, cum vicar’ de Fareham, de Stupelmordon juxta Cantebrigiam, de Wyteney, de Haveringdon, de Alverburry, Sanctae Crucis Wynton. capellae Sanctae Stephani, Sancti Michis extra Kingate, Sancti Petri extra portam Australem, Sancti Martini de Wodestreet, Sancti Walerii, cum capell’, capellae Sanctae Mar’ extra portam Occidentalem, Sancti Clementis, Sancti Elphegi, Sancti Pet’ de Macello, Sancti Salvator’, Sancti Mauritii, Sancti Michis, Sancti Johannis de Edera, Sancti Rowaldi, Sancti Bonifacii, Sanctae Mar’ in Tannerstreet, Sancti Nichi extra Kingesgate, Sanctae Mar’ de Lineatela, Sancti Petroci, Sancti Paicii, Sancti Martini juxta murum, Omnium Sanctorum in Golestreet, Abbathiarum de Waverlegh, de Tychesfield, de Hales, de Lacelegh, Prioratuum de Taunton, de Melebourn, Novi Loci extra Guldeford, de Suthwark, de Bruthon, in Insula, de Ivyngho, Hospitalium Sanctae Thom’ de Suthwerk, Sancti Johannis de Portsmouth, Domus Dei de Southampton, Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae extra Wynton. Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae, Southamphton, Sancti Johis. de Fordingbridge, Custodiae Domus Sanctae Crucis extra Wynton. ad venerabilem patrem Dominum Johannem, Dei gratia, Wynton’ episcopum, & predecessores suos, per tempora multa pertinuerit; & idem Dominus Episcopus jus patronatûs eorundem ad se & predecessores suos asseruit pertinere, licet super quibusdam eorum inter predecessores praedicti Domini Episcopi ex parte unâ & nos & predecessores nostros ex alterâ quaestio suerit aliquotiens agitata, in utriusque partis dispendium non modicum & gravamen: Nos, paci & tranquillitati ipsius Domini Episcopi & successorum suorum ac nostrae & successorum nostrorum pro futuris temporibus prospicere cupientes, praefato Domino Episcopo & successoribus suis, pro nobis & successoribus nostris, totum jus, actionem, & clamum, quae habemus & habuimus, seu quoquo modo habere vel exigere potuimus, in praedictis possessionibus & juris patronatu seu advocationibus ecclesiarum, vicariarum, capellanarum, abbathiarum, prioratuum, hospitalium, & aliorum religiosorum locorum praedictorum, & eorum pertinentiis quibuscumque, unanimi assensu concedimus, remittimus, & quiete clamamus imperpetuum; salvis nobis & successoribus nostris pensionibus nobis de quibusdam ecclesiis supradictis debitis consuetis & antiquis. Dat’, &c.
[see end of document for translation]
 

II.

Collatio Hospitalis beatae Mariae Magdalenae extra Wynton. per resignationem Rob. de Hyspania vacantis. [Collation to the Hospital of Blessed Mary Magdalen outside Winchester because of the resignation of Robert of Hyspania, outgoing. See end of document for translation.]

From the Register of Bishop Orleton, Part I. fol. 73, b.

Referred to in p. 4.

ADAM, &c. Dilecto filio Willielmo de Basynge, clerico, salutem, gratiam, & benedictionem; Cantariam & Custodiam cum quatuor portionibus de majoribus in hospitali beatae Mariae Magdalenae extra Wynton. nostrorum patronatus & diocesis vacantem, tibi, cum omnibus suis consuetudinibus, caritatibus, & pitantiis tantis pertionibus spectantibus qualitercunque tam infra dicto hospitale quam extra qualitercunque accidentibus, conferrimus intuitu caritatis, & te custodem perpetuum in hospitali praedicto instituimus per praesentes. Jure & dignitate, &c. In cujus rei, &c. Dat. apud Farnham, 6^o die mensis Martii, A. D. 1341, & nostrae consecrationis nono. Et script. fuit Domino J. de Nubbelegh, Thesaurar’ de Wolves’. pro inductione ipsius.

Donationem sive collationem portionis, quam Henricus le Bule clericus habuit & tenuit dum mansit in hospitali Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae juxta Wynton. nostrorum patronatus & dioc’, tibi per dominum Johannem de Nubbelye Thesaurarium nostrum de Wolvesey ratione officii sui factam, quantum in nobis est, cum omnibus suis juribus, consuetudinibus, & quibuscumque pitantiis, approbamus, tibique hujus collationem sive donationem portionis tuo perpetuo ex certa scientia confirmamus. In cujus, &c. Dat. apud Waltham, 25 die Aprilis, anno Domini 1339.
 

IV.

Confirmatio Collationis sive Donationis portionis de majoribus in Hospitali Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae. [Confirmation of a Collection viz. a Donation of a portion from the greater [part]for the Hospital of Saint Mary Magdalen. See end of document for translation.]

From the same Register, Part II. fol. 67. a.

Referred to in the same page.

ADAM, &c. dilecto filio Willielmo de Berewik, salutem, gratiam, & benedictionem. Donationem sive collationem portionis de majoribus in hospitali Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae juxta Wynton. nostrorum patronatus & dioc’, tibi per dominum Johannem de Nubbelye, Thesaur’ nostrum de Wolves’ r̃one officii sui factam, quantum in nobis est, cum omnibus suis juribus, consuetudinibus, & quibuscunque pitantiis, approbamus, tibique hujus collationem sive donationem portionis ex certa scientia tuo perpetuo confirmamus. Dat. apud Waltham, 7 die mensis Julii, anno Domini 1338, & consecrationis nostrae quinto.
 

V.

Collatio Hospitalis Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae juxta Wynton. [Collation to the Hospital of Saint Mary Magdalen near Winchester. See end of document for translation.]

From the Register of Bishop Wykeham, Parts I. and II. fol. 231.

Referred to in the same page.

WILLIELMUS permissione divina Wynton. episcopus dilecto filio Magistro Johanni Melton, presbytero, salutem, gratiam, & benedictionem. Custodiam sive regimen domus elemosinarii sive hospitalis Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae juxta Wynton. nostrae dioceseos et cantariam in eodem, cum quatuor de portionibus majoribus in hospitali praedicto, tibi, juxta vim, formam, et effectum Constitutionis Clementinae, quae incipit “Quia contingit;” necnon Constitutionis domini Urbani Papae quinti, quae incipit “Quamvis super reformatione, regimine, ac cura Xenodochiorum,” &c. editarum, plenius in hac parte committimus; et te custodem dictae domus sive hospitalis, ad conficiendum fidele inventarium de bonis ejusdem domus sive hospitalis, et ad eadam bona debite ministrandum, necnon ad reddendum fidelem compotum, rationem, sive calculum, singulis annis, de eisdem, juxta exigentiam Constitutionum praedictarum juratam, quamdiu te bene gesseris et honeste, deputamus per praesentes. In cujus rei testimonium sigillum nostrum fecimus hiis apponi. Dat. in manerio nostro de Esher, decimo die mensis Maii, anno Domini 1394, et nostrae consecrationis 27.
 

VI.

Alia Collatio. [Another Collation. See end of document for translation.]

From the same Register, fol. 255.

Referred to in the same page.

WILLIELMUS permissione divina Wyntoniensis episcopus dilecto in Christo filio Magistro Johanni Melton, custodi hospitalis Beatae Mariae Magdalenae supra montem prope civitatem nostrum Wynton. salutem, gratiam, et benedictionem. Cum nos portionem majorem in hospitali predicto, quam Willielmus Chaloner defunctus habuit in eodem vacantem, et ad nostram donationem spectantem, pauperi viro Rogero Muleward de Roppele nostrae diocesis, propter sua obsequia laudabilia et antiqua nobis fideliter et utiliter impensa, contulerimus intuitu caritatis, vobis committimus et mandamus, firmiter injungentes, quatinus praefatum Rogerum ad portionem hujusmodi, cum omnibus pertinentiis ad eandem, admittentes de omnibus quae spectant ad portionem eandem sibi respondeatis et faciatis ab aliis debite responderi, quamdiu se bene gesserit in hospitali praedicto. Dat. in manerio nostro de Waltham, vicesimo die mensis Decembris, anno Domini 1395, et nostrae consecrationis 29.

Cum omnium hospitalium & domorum elemosinariarum rectores, custodes, & gubernatores seu magistri, teneantur etiam vigore Constitutionis bonae memoriae Clementis Papae Quinti, quae incipit “Quia contingit,” in hac parte editae, de omnibus bonis dictorum locorum in dictis locis repertis & per eos receptis inventarium fidele conficere, & super administratione sua in bonis hujusmodi facta Ordinariis locorum praedictorum, vel ipsorum delegatis, annis singulis, reddere rationem: Nos volentes qualiter bona hospitalis Beatae Mariae Magdalenae prope civitatem Wynton. nostre diocesi administrati fuerunt & sunt gubernata tam modernis temporibus quam etiam retroactis effici certiores, vobis committimus & mandamus quatenus ad hospitalem praedictum personaliter declinantes, vocato coram vobis magistro seu custode ejusdem & aliis quorum interest in hac parte, ordinationem seu fundationem dicti hospitalis, & inventarium bonorum ipsius, per dictum magistrum seu custodem ibidem repertorum, rotulos, scripturas, evidentias, & memoranda omnia per quae liquide poterit apparere qualiter bona praedicta & in quos usus gubernata sunt & commissa coram vobis faciatis judicialiter exhiberi, & rationes ejusdem magistiri super praemissis per eum administratis, audiatis, & plenarie discutiatis, impendentes eidem plenariae justiciae complementum ac omnia alia & singula super hiis solicite exequamini quae de jure seu consuetudine requiruntur, ad quae complenda & debite proficienda vobis etiam tenore praesentium vices nostras committimus cum cujuslibet cohercionis canonice potestate, mandantes quatenus dicto negotio expedito nos de toto processu vestro super hiis habito plene & clare certificetis literis vestris patentibus habentibus hunc tenorem sigillo autentico consignato. Dat’ vero ut supra (that is, at Waltham), primo die mensis Septembris, anno Domini 1400, & anno nostrae consecrationis 33.
 

VIII.

Commissio ad procedendum super detecta in Visitatione nuper exercita in Hospitali Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae juxta Wynton. [Commission for proceeding upon what was discovered during the visit recently conducted at the Hospital of Saint Mary Magdalen near Winchester. See end of document for translation.]

From the same Register, fol. 329. m. 183.

Referred to in the same page.

WILLIELMUS, &c. Dilectis in Christo filiis Magistris Johanni Elmen Officiali nostro, Johanni Campeden Archidiacono nostro Surr’, et domino Simoni Membury, Thesaurario nostro de Wolvesey, salutem, gratiam, et benedictionem. Cum in visitatione auctoritate nostra in hospitali Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae juxta Winton. nuper exercita, quamplura delicta, crimina, et excessus sint comperta et detecta, ad cognoscendum et procedendum super hujusmodi delictis, criminibus, et excessibus, tam ex nostro officio quam ad partium instantiam, ipsaque delicta, crimina, et excessus corrigendum et canonice puniendum, etiam per amotionem magistri seu custodis aut alterius personae dicti Hospitalis cujuscumque, si ad eum de jure fuerit procedendum, caeteraque omnia et singula faciendum et expediendum que circa praemissa necessaria fuerint, vel etiam oportuna, vobis aut duobus vestrum de quorum conscientiae puritate plenam in Domino fiduciam reportamus tenore praesentium committimus vices nostras cum cujuslibet cohercionis et executionis canonice potestate. In cujus rei testimonium sigillum nostrum fecimus hiis apponi. Dat. in castro nostro de Farnham, vicesimo die mensis Novembris, anno Domini 1400, et nostrae consecrationis 34.

Examined, J. RIDDING, Deputy Register.